How many days' notice does California require to end a month-to-month tenancy?

Under §1946.1, at least 30 days if every tenant has lived in the unit less than one year, and at least 60 days if any tenant has lived there one year or more.

Do I also need a reason for the notice?

Often, yes. For many covered tenancies, §1946.2 (AB 1482) requires a stated just cause once its occupancy threshold is met, and local ordinances can require cause sooner or for more properties. Check coverage for your unit before serving a no-cause notice.

What if the tenant simply has not paid rent?

That normally starts with a 3-day notice to pay rent or quit under Code of Civil Procedure §1161, not a 30/60-day termination notice. The 3 days exclude Saturdays, Sundays and judicial holidays, and the amount demanded must be rent only.

Is a notice to vacate the same as an eviction?

No. The notice ends (or seeks to end) the tenancy. If the tenant stays, the landlord must use the court unlawful-detainer process — a notice alone does not remove anyone.

California Notice to Vacate

In California, 'notice to vacate' usually means the written 30- or 60-day notice that ends a month-to-month tenancy. It is not a court order, and for many longer tenancies it must also state a legally recognised cause — serving the wrong notice, for the wrong period, is a common reason cases fail.

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What it is

A California notice to vacate (termination of tenancy notice) is the written notice a landlord serves to end a periodic tenancy. The period depends on how long the tenant has lived in the unit, and the Tenant Protection Act adds a just-cause layer for many tenancies. It is different from the 3-day notice used for unpaid rent or a lease violation.

When to use it

Ending a month-to-month tenancy where the tenant has lived in the unit less than one year — 30-day notice
Ending a month-to-month tenancy where any tenant has lived in the unit one year or more — 60-day notice
Not for unpaid rent alone: nonpayment normally starts with a 3-day notice to pay rent or quit (see the requirements card)

What to include — checklist

Print this page to use the checklist on paper.

Names of all tenants on the lease or in occupation
Property address, including unit number
A clear statement that the tenancy is terminated
The exact termination date, counted with the full 30- or 60-day period allowed
The stated cause for termination, where just-cause rules apply to the tenancy
Rent amount due through the termination date, stated plainly
A request for a forwarding address for the security-deposit accounting
How and when the notice was served, with proof of service kept with a complete copy
Landlord or authorised agent signature, date and contact for questions

California-specific requirements

Civil Code §1946.1: a landlord must give at least 60 days' written notice to terminate a month-to-month tenancy if any tenant has resided in the unit for one year or more, and at least 30 days' written notice if every tenant has resided there less than one year.
Tenant Protection Act (AB 1482) — Civil Code §1946.2: for many covered tenancies, after the just-cause threshold in the statute is met (generally 12 months of continuous lawful occupancy by all tenants, or 24 months by at least one), a landlord must state a just cause — at-fault or no-fault — in the termination notice. No-fault terminations can also carry relocation-assistance obligations. Exemptions exist and are fact-specific, and many cities have stricter local just-cause rules — check coverage before serving.
This is not the nonpayment notice: under Code of Civil Procedure §1161, a landlord who claims rent is due first serves a 3-day notice to pay rent or quit. The 3 days exclude Saturdays, Sundays and judicial holidays. That notice must state the exact amount of rent due (rent only — not late fees or other charges) and the name, telephone number and address of the person to whom payment must be made, with the usual days and hours that person is available to receive it.
A termination notice is not permission for self-help. Do not change locks or shut off utilities to force a tenant out — possession is recovered through the court process if the tenant does not leave.

Statute references are included only where verified for this page. Where a rule depends on your lease or local court, the page says so instead of guessing.

Common mistakes

Serving a 30-day notice on a tenant who has lived in the unit a year or more
Serving a no-cause notice on a tenancy that AB 1482 or a local ordinance requires just cause for
Using a 30/60-day termination notice for unpaid rent instead of the 3-day notice §1161 requires
Putting late fees or other charges into a 3-day pay-or-quit amount — it must be rent only
Miscounting the period, including the 3-day rule's exclusion of Saturdays, Sundays and judicial holidays
Changing locks or interrupting utilities when the tenant does not leave on the date stated

Where landlords get this form

These providers publish California-specific landlord forms and document tools. We describe them here for comparison — we do not link out from this pilot site yet.

Provider	Best described as	What to check before you buy
LawDepot	DIY legal-document builder covering leases, applications and notices, form by form or by subscription.	Whether the California version is included in a free trial, subscription, or single-document price.
ezLandlordForms	Landlord-focused forms library built specifically around rentals, screening and state lease packages.	Whether you need a single form or its California state package, and what updates are included.
Rocket Lawyer	Document builder bundled with membership options that can include attorney Q&A services.	What the membership includes after any trial, and how cancellation works.
LegalZoom	Well-known legal-services platform, strongest on business formation and broader legal products, with some landlord documents.	Whether the exact landlord form you need is offered for California, versus a business product.

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Frequently asked questions

How many days' notice does California require to end a month-to-month tenancy?: Under §1946.1, at least 30 days if every tenant has lived in the unit less than one year, and at least 60 days if any tenant has lived there one year or more.
Do I also need a reason for the notice?: Often, yes. For many covered tenancies, §1946.2 (AB 1482) requires a stated just cause once its occupancy threshold is met, and local ordinances can require cause sooner or for more properties. Check coverage for your unit before serving a no-cause notice.
What if the tenant simply has not paid rent?: That normally starts with a 3-day notice to pay rent or quit under Code of Civil Procedure §1161, not a 30/60-day termination notice. The 3 days exclude Saturdays, Sundays and judicial holidays, and the amount demanded must be rent only.
Is a notice to vacate the same as an eviction?: No. The notice ends (or seeks to end) the tenancy. If the tenant stays, the landlord must use the court unlawful-detainer process — a notice alone does not remove anyone.